Resumo

SASADA, Isabel Nemoto Vergara; MUNERATO, Maria Cristina  e  GREGIANIN, Lauro Jose. Oral mucositis in children with cancer - literature review. RFO UPF [online]. 2013, vol.18, n.3, pp. 335-344. ISSN 1413-4012.

Oral mucositis (OM) is characterized by inflammation of the oral mucosa, and it is frequently observed after chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the head and neck regions. It ranges from localized erythema to extensive ulcers, and it may be aggravated by inadequate oral health. Objective: this study aims to conduct a literature review on OM. Literature review: oral mucositis represents a high risk of infection, which may progress to severe systemic infections interfering with treatment and patient survival. The knowledge of etiology and mechanisms of prevention and treatment are important to reduce the risks associated with opportunistic infections, feeding impairments, and septicemia. Oral mucositis is a complex and multifactorial process involving all tissues and cellular elements of the oral mucosa. New evidences suggest that the risk of developing oral mucositis may be influenced by genetic factors. The approaches have been constantly evaluated seeking prevention, treatment, reduced risks, and improved quality of life for patients. Final considerations: previous adequate oral health status, and dental care follow-up during cancer treatment are important in preventing stomatological complications. Preventive and palliative treatment of OM helps in preventing secondary infections, and it is recommended for symptoms relief.

Palavras-chave : Oral mucositis; Chemotherapy; Radiotherapy; Oral health.