ORIGINAL ARTICLE

 

Erosive effect of an antihistamine liquid formulation on bovine teeth: influence of exposure time

 

 

Viviane Santos da Silva Pierro^I; Beatriz Romeiro Furtado^II; Michele Villardi^III; Lúcio Mendes Cabral^IV; Eduardo Moreira Silva^V; Lucianne Cople Maia^VI

^IDDS, MS, Graduate student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
^IIDDS, Undergraduate student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
^IIIDDS, Undergraduate student, Department of Medicaments, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
^IVMSc, PhD, Pharmacist, Associate Professor, Department of Medicaments, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
^VDDS, MS, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal Fluminense University, Brazil
^VIDDS, MS, PhD, Associate professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Correspondence

 

 

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ABSTRACT

AIM: To evaluate, in vitro, the effect of an oral antihistamine liquid formulation on roughness and topography of bovine enamel and the influence of exposure time on its erosive effect.
METHODS: Forty-one bovine enamel blocks were prepared leaving an exposed window of 0.8 mm². Thirtynine blocks were divided into three treatment groups according to media immersion: antihistamine formulation (Histamin®), 0.6% citric acid (positive control), and distilled water (negative control). Before immersion of the samples, pH, titratable acidity, calcium, phosphate and fluoride contents of all media were verified. Enamel roughness was evaluated at baseline, and after 5, 15, and 30 min of immersion (9 samples per group). Two specimens from each group and exposure time, and 2 additional specimens representing baseline, were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Mann-Whitney test using the Bonferroni correction (α;=0.017).
RESULTS:Specimens immersed in citric acid showed the highest roughness (P<.001). SEM images showed a progressive erosion pattern in samples immersed in citric acid and in antihistamine formulation.
CONCLUSIONS:The antihistamine liquid formulation did not promote significant alterations of enamel roughness. Nevertheless, SEM demonstrated that the antihistamine eroded bovine enamel, and the erosion pattern was influenced by exposure time.

Keywords: tooth erosion, pharmaceutical preparations, hydrogen-ion concentration, child.

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Correspondence to:
Lucianne Cople Maia
Rua Gastão Gonçalves, 47/501 - Santa Rosa
24.240-030 - Niterói, RJ, Brazil
E-mail: rorefa@terra.com.br

Received for publication: October 13, 2009
Accepted: March 25, 2010