Antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine in root canals instrumented with the ProTaper UniversalTM System
Andréa Cruz CâmaraI; Miracy Muniz de AlbuquerqueII; Carlos Menezes AguiarIII; Ana Cristina Regis de Barros CorreiaIV
IPhD Student in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
IIAssociate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
IIIAssociate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
IVMSc Student in Fungal Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
ABSTRACT
AIM: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 0.2%, 1%, and 2% chlorhexidine in root canals instrumented with the ProTaper UniversalTM system.
METHODS: Fifty human mandibular premolar teeth were infected with a mixture of Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. The specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 root canals according to the irrigant used. All root canals were instrumented with the ProTaper UniversalTM system. Assessment of the antimicrobial action of the irrigant was performed before, during, and after instrumentation. Data were analyzed statistically by Chi-squared test and the Fisher exact test at 5% significance level.
RESULTS: The 0.2% chlorhexidine solution was ineffective against all test microorganisms. The 1% chlorhexidine solution was effective in eliminating P. aeruginosa and C. albicans after the use of the F1 and F3 instruments, respectively. The 2% chlorhexidine solution was effective at killing S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans after the use of the S1 instrument. There were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the concentrations of chlorhexidine and the instruments used.
CONCLUSIONS: The 0.2% chlorhexidine solution in combination with rotary instrumentation was ineffective against all test microorganisms. The 1% chlorhexidine solution was ineffective against S. aureus and E. faecalis. The 2% chlorhexidine solution was not sufficient to inactivate E. faecalis.
Keywords: antimicrobial activity, chlorhexidine, ProTaper UniversalTM, root canal irrigant, rotary instrumentation.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by grants from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior CAPES - Brazil.
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Correspondence to: Received for publication: May 26, 2010
Accepted: August 27, 2010