Abstract

SINHORETI, Mário Alexandre Coelho; VITTI, Rafael Pino  and  CORRER-SOBRINHO, Lourenço. Biomaterials in Dentistry: current view and future perspectives. Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent. [online]. 2013, vol.67, n.4, pp. 256-261. ISSN 0004-5276.

The tooth structure is a mineralized tissue which are realized several clinical procedures with the aim to repair the congenital defects or problems caused by trauma and diseases such as caries. The use of natural, artificial or synthetic materials, for total or partial replacement, restoration or growth of biological tissues was always a major concern in dentistry. The materials used for the replacement and regeneration of bone structure belong to the materials class called biomaterials. These materials have contributed significantly to the advance of Modern Dentistry. To perform the desired function and to stimulate an adequate response of biological tissues by histological repair, the biomaterials need to show a group of satisfactory physical, chemical and biological properties. Before the realization of constant scientific research and of the significant increase in clinical use of biomaterials, besides of great competition between technology companies responsible for the development of materials, a quick progress has occurred in this area, resulting in the synthesis of new biomaterials and knowledge about the interactions between biomaterials and biological tissues. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze, through extensive literature review, the current state of the biomaterials in dentistry, besides to attempt to delineate future perspectives, looking mainly the synthetic biomaterials.

Keywords : dental materials; histocompatibility; dental alloys; polymers; calcium phosphates.