Abstract

DIAS, Isabela Maddalena et al. Evaluation of the risk factors of sleep bruxism. Arq. Odontol. [online]. 2014, vol.50, n.3, pp. 113-120. ISSN 1516-0939.

Aim: To verify in a sample of patients from the College of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, if certain risk factors described in the literature are in fact associated with the occurrence of sleep bruxism. Methods: One hundred patients were selected, using a form, based on the prior literature: 50 with sleep bruxism, and 50 without. An assessment was taken of the exposure to risk factors associated with sleep bruxism in both groups: consumption of alcohol / cigarettes, caffeine, use of certain medications (fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline), sleeping in environments with noise and / or light exposure, as well as reports of situations of stress and anxiety. The association between the presence of risk factors and the occurrence or absence of sleep bruxism, using the Spearman and Fisher correlation and OR values was then evaluated. Results: When the risk factors were evaluated in isolation, no significant association could be observed among the variables (risk factors and sleep bruxism (alcoholic beverage (p = 0887), smoking (p = 0.251), medications (p = 0.967), caffeine (p = 0.179), noise (p = 0.952), light (p = 0.147), stress / anxiety (p = 0.362). The investigated factors showed a risk factor only for sleep bruxism when patients with this parafunction were exposed to more than one (OR = 5.159) (p = 0.028) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study's results highlight the fact that the individual may be adapted and resistant to certain factors that did not increase the risk and occurrence of sleep bruxism; however, exposure to more than one factor greatly increases the chance that the evaluated parafunction may occur.

Keywords : Sleep bruxism.; Risk factors..